To report an adverse event or product quality complaint, call 1-877-TAKEDA-7 (1-877-825-3327)
To report an adverse event or product quality complaint, call 1-877-TAKEDA-7 (1-877-825-3327)
Not an actual patient.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, heterogeneous disorder that causes changes in an individual’s mood, thoughts, and behavior.3
It is estimated that 5% of the world’s population is living with depression.2 According to the National Institute of Mental Health, 8.3% of all U.S. adults (approximately 21 million people) had at least one major depressive episode in 2021.1 These episodes occurred at a higher rate among adult females (10.3%) compared to adult males (6.2%). The most affected age group was individuals aged 18-25, with 18.6% experiencing at least one episode, as compared to 9.3% of those aged 26-49, and 4.5% of those over age 50. Multiracial individuals (those who reported having two or more races) had the highest prevalence of major depressive disorder (13.9%), followed by individuals who reported being American Indian / Alaskan Native (11.2%), White (8.9%), Hispanic (7.9%), Black or African American (6.7%), Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander (5.1%) and Asian (4.8%).
The risk for MDD is estimated to be 2- to 4-fold higher among first-degree family members of individuals with MDD, compared to the general population.3 Though MDD may first appear at any age, the incidence of first episodes increases significantly with puberty. The incidence of MDD in the U.S. appears to peak for individuals in their 20s, though it is not uncommon for individuals to experience a first major depressive episode later in life.
In order to meet diagnostic criteria for MDD, an individual has to have at least 5 symptoms, including at least 1 of the 2 core symptoms, during the same 2-week period and they must represent a change from previous functioning.3 The core symptoms, which must be present for most of the day, nearly every day, are depressed mood and loss of interest or pleasure. The other diagnostic symptoms, which must be present nearly every day, are:
Note: Nearly every day does not apply to weight change or thoughts of death or suicide
Symptoms of a depressive episode (≥2 weeks) must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.3 The episode should not be attributable to the effects of a substance or another medical condition, and cannot be better explained by other psychotic, delusional, or other specified or unspecified schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Additionally, the diagnosis of MDD requires that the patient has never had a manic or a hypomanic episode.
While in recent years considerable advances have been made to understand the genetic risk factors associated with depression, its fundamental etiology remains poorly understood. Known risk factors are female sex, childhood history of abuse, family history and recent life stressors; however, we have yet to determine exactly how genetics influence environmental risk factors and vice versa.4 The genetic component to depression is thought to contribute 30-40% of variance, while non-genetic / environmental factors are thought to have an influence of 60-70%.5
Numerous hypotheses have implicated different physiologic systems in depression, based on observed variations in function, including:6
Research continues regarding these factors in relation to the pathogenesis of MDD.
Timely diagnosis and management of MDD is important to improve the heavy personal, societal, and economic burden of MDD. In 2018, the incremental economic burden of adults with MDD in the U.S., including costs related to suicide and workplace costs, was $326.2 billion.7
MDD also increases the risk for other diseases:
A variety of validated tools are available for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of MDD.12,13 Measurement based care (MBC) facilitates symptom monitoring, can improve collaborative care efforts as well as treatment response, and can increase satisfaction with care.14
After a patient is diagnosed with MDD, the goal of treatment during the acute phase of illness is to achieve symptom remission and improve the patient's functioning.12 During the continuation phase of treatment, patients’ symptoms (including signs of relapse), side effects, adherence, and functional status should be monitored. Maintenance treatment is also recommended, particularly for patients with residual symptoms, previous episodes, and ongoing psychosocial stressors. Treatments for depression may include pharmacotherapy; depression-focused psychotherapy; the combination of medications and psychotherapy; other somatic therapies such as electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, or light therapy; or complementary or alternative therapies.12 Pharmacological treatment may not be appropriate for all patients with MDD.
This is not intended to be a comprehensive resource of all congresses and congress materials across therapeutic and disease areas. Congress materials may include information about investigational use(s) of compounds/products that are not approved for use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and/or are inconsistent with the Prescribing Information. Takeda does not recommend the use of any Takeda product beyond the approved labeling. Any decisions regarding the usage of a Takeda product beyond the approved labeling are left to the discretion of the healthcare professional. Takeda makes no representations about whether investigational compounds or unapproved uses will be approved by the FDA.
Annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies, LLC (APSS), which is a joint venture of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) and the Sleep Research Society (SRS).
Psych Congress is the nation's leading conference on practical psychopharmacology.
Cutting-edge insights in pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine from globally recognized leaders.
Annual AMCP managed care pharmacy meeting (2,500+ attendees) for managed care decision-makers, including medical and pharmacy directors, formulary/P&T leaders, and other payer stakeholders, offering education/CE and networking on timely managed care topics and innovations shaping the field.
Leading global conference discussing how to establish, incentivize, and share value sustainable for health systems, patients, and technology developers.
The AGS Annual Scientific Meeting is the premier educational event in geriatrics, providing the latest information on clinical care, research on aging, and innovative models of care delivery.
Annual meeting in neurology promoting high quality patient-centric care in a variety of topics and specialties through various learning formats.
The NEI Fall Congress is a one-of-a-kind educational experience, designed to help clinicians make informed decisions by breaking down complex concepts through animation and a unique visual language exclusive to the Neuroscience Education Institute (NEI).
Psych Congress is the nation's leading conference on practical psychopharmacology.
Annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies, LLC (APSS), which is a joint venture of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) and the Sleep Research Society (SRS).
Annual meeting bringing perspectives together from academia, NIH, FDA, clinicians and industry on key aspects of neuropsychiatric drug development, pharmacogenetics and personalized interventions.
This resource provides information on Takeda medications available in the Major Depressive Disorder category and is not intended to represent a complete list of therapeutic options.
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